because they saw in the expected victory of the Entente a deep political change that could lead to an integral and democratic reform of the State and the concession of autonomy for Catalonia. In Catalonia, catalanist leftwinged political thinking greeted the European war as an opportunity. Very soon, the Spanish and Catalan public opinion were divided between alliadophiles, those in favour of democratic powers, and germanophiles, those favourable to a victory of Central Empires. The official neutrality of Spain did not avoid a great impact of the First World War (1914-1918) in Spain. Finally, the last chapter of the doctoral thesis tries to approach to the partnership of the war veterans during the interwar period and to the memory of those combatants reflected in monuments like the obelisk of Gustave Violet and the statue of Josep Clarà, both in Barcelona, or some memorial plaques in Bayonne or Marseille. Furthermore, the project tries to examine the political instrumentalisation on those volunteers in connection with some political movements in Spain, like Catalan nationalism, reformism and liberalism. I attempt to quantify their number in the most rigorous way from new diplomatic and military sources in Aubagne (Bouches-du-Rhône, France), to analyze their geographical origin inside Spain and ages, and to speculate on their motivations and social context thanks to the correspondence between several combatants and Joan Solé i Pla and José Subirà Puig. This PhD project tries to approach to the volunteers from Spain who fought in First World War (1914-1918) despite the official neutrality of their own country in the conflict.
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